Japanese combat casualties in the invasion of Taiwan were relatively light: 164 officers and men killed and 515 wounded.  Casualties from disease, particularly cholera and malaria, were far higher.  The cholera outbreak in the Pescadores at the end of March 1895 killed more than 1,500 Japanese soldiers, and an even higher number of Japanese soldiers died in September 1895 in the wake of the malaria outbreak at Changhua shortly after its fall to the Japanese.  According to Japanese sources, 4,642 soldiers died in Taiwan and the Pescadores Islands of disease.  By the end of the campaign, 5,246 Japanese soldiers had been hospitalised in Taiwan and a further 21,748 soldiers had been evacuated back to Japan for treatment.[50]